Constructivism: A Matter of Interpretation Essay -- Philosophy Learnin

Constructivism: A Matter of Interpretation The theory of constructivism rests on the notion that there is an innate human drive to make sense of the world. Instead of absorbing or passively receiving objective knowledge that is "out there," learners actively construct knowledge by integrating new information and experiences into what they have previously come to understand, revising and reinterpreting old knowledge in order to reconcile it with the new (Billett 1996). The cognitive structures that learners build include procedural knowledge (how--techniques, skills, and abilities) and propositional knowledge (that--facts, concepts, propositions). Often neglected are dispositions--attitudes, values, and interests that help learners decide: Is it worth doing? Knowing how and that is not sufficient without the disposition to do. Other key features of knowledge construction are functional context, social context, and usefulness. The process works most effectively when it is embedded in a context in which new knowledge and skills will be used. Research on thinking and learning reinforces the idea that people learn through interaction with others (Johnson and Thomas 1994). Although learning is a matter of personal and unique interpretation, it takes place within the social context. In addition, learning must be useful to the learner; intrinsic motivation emerges from the desire to understand, to construct meaning (Billett 1996). Using a constructivist approach, teachers facilitate learning by encouraging active inquiry, guiding learners to question their tacit assumptions, and coaching them in the construction process. This contrasts with the behavioralist approach that has dominated education, in which the teacher dissemina... ...." Journal of Technology Studies 20, no. 1 (Winter-Spring 1994): 33-45. (EJ 494 218) Lynch, R. L. Designing Vocational and Technical Teacher Education for the 21st Century. Columbus: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education, 1997. Parnell, D. "Cerebral Context." Vocational Education Journal 71, no. 3 (March 1996): 19-21, 50. (EJ 519 286) Rahn, M. "Lively Connections." Vocational Education Journal 71, no. 5 (May 1996): 33-35, 60. (EJ 522 561) Schell, J. W., and Babich, A. M. "Tech-Prep and the Development of Higher-Order Thinking Skills among Learners with Special Needs." Journal for Vocational Special Needs Education 16, no. 2 (Fall 1993): 6-13. (EJ 472 196) Stevenson, J., ed. Cognition at Work: The Development of Vocational Expertise. Leabrook, Australia: National Centre for Vocational Education Research, 1994. (ED 380 542) Constructivism: A Matter of Interpretation Essay -- Philosophy Learnin Constructivism: A Matter of Interpretation The theory of constructivism rests on the notion that there is an innate human drive to make sense of the world. Instead of absorbing or passively receiving objective knowledge that is "out there," learners actively construct knowledge by integrating new information and experiences into what they have previously come to understand, revising and reinterpreting old knowledge in order to reconcile it with the new (Billett 1996). The cognitive structures that learners build include procedural knowledge (how--techniques, skills, and abilities) and propositional knowledge (that--facts, concepts, propositions). Often neglected are dispositions--attitudes, values, and interests that help learners decide: Is it worth doing? Knowing how and that is not sufficient without the disposition to do. Other key features of knowledge construction are functional context, social context, and usefulness. The process works most effectively when it is embedded in a context in which new knowledge and skills will be used. Research on thinking and learning reinforces the idea that people learn through interaction with others (Johnson and Thomas 1994). Although learning is a matter of personal and unique interpretation, it takes place within the social context. In addition, learning must be useful to the learner; intrinsic motivation emerges from the desire to understand, to construct meaning (Billett 1996). Using a constructivist approach, teachers facilitate learning by encouraging active inquiry, guiding learners to question their tacit assumptions, and coaching them in the construction process. This contrasts with the behavioralist approach that has dominated education, in which the teacher dissemina... ...." Journal of Technology Studies 20, no. 1 (Winter-Spring 1994): 33-45. (EJ 494 218) Lynch, R. L. Designing Vocational and Technical Teacher Education for the 21st Century. Columbus: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education, 1997. Parnell, D. "Cerebral Context." Vocational Education Journal 71, no. 3 (March 1996): 19-21, 50. (EJ 519 286) Rahn, M. "Lively Connections." Vocational Education Journal 71, no. 5 (May 1996): 33-35, 60. (EJ 522 561) Schell, J. W., and Babich, A. M. "Tech-Prep and the Development of Higher-Order Thinking Skills among Learners with Special Needs." Journal for Vocational Special Needs Education 16, no. 2 (Fall 1993): 6-13. (EJ 472 196) Stevenson, J., ed. Cognition at Work: The Development of Vocational Expertise. Leabrook, Australia: National Centre for Vocational Education Research, 1994. (ED 380 542)

Cambridge as Level Weathering Process

Weathering Process Physical Weathering Processes Freeze Thaw (Frost Shattering) Temperatures need to fluctuate above and below freezing. When the temperature drops below 0 degrees, water collected in rock cracks freezes and expands. When temperatures rise again the ice melts. Pressure created by expansion results in progressive weakening of the rock. At high altitudes frost-shattered material forms scree slopes. Heating & Cooling Thermal expansion & contraction of rock in response to rising and falling temperatures. The daily cycle of heating and cooling sets up stresses in the rock that cause it to disintegrate.Occurs mostly in deserts where there is the greatest diurnal temperature range. Also occurs during bush fires. Wetting & Drying (Slaking) Rock is alternately wetted then dried. Minerals which make up clay rocks expand when wetted, then contract on drying-out. The stresses from repeated expansion and contraction cause the rock to disintegrate. This process commonly occurs on t he intertidal zone of coasts. Exfoliation (Onion weathering/Spheroidal) Under warm conditions rock surfaces heat up and expand more than the main mass of the internal body of the rock.Eventually the surface layers split off or spall from the lower layers, sometimes in slightly curved sheets like the layers of an onion. Seen especially in granite. Crystal Growth (Salt Weathering) Salt crystals, such as sodium carbonate and magnesium sulphate grow within spaces in a rock. It happens when saline water enters cracks in rocks then evaporates. The growing crystals prise the rock apart and small pieces break off. This process is especially effective in semi-arid areas and coastal regions. Pressure Release (Dilation) Not caused by elements of weather.Occurs either when erosion removes a heavy covering of rock or when large ice sheets melt. The removal of great weight allows the rock layers beneath to expend. As they expand they also fracture to produce bedding planes parallel to the ground surface. The spaces between the bedding planes (joints) are now open to the influence of further weathering. Organic Action The breaking up of rock by plant roots and burrowing animals. Roots grow into cracks and lines of weakness & as they thicken exert increasing pressure and cause rocks to fracture.Chemical Weathering Processes Hydrolysis The most common chemical weathering process. Carbonic acid in rain water releases hydrogen ions from the water which then combine with minerals in rocks causing them to break down. This is common in rocks containing feldspar e. g. granite. The end products weathered feldspar are clay minerals known as kaolinite. Kaolinite is an important component of fine bone China. Hydration This occurs when water is absorbed into the crystal structure of certain minerals and causes chemical changes e. g. nhydrite absorbs water to become gypsum which is soft and crumbly. Carbonation On contact with calcium carbonate (the main component of limestone), carbonic acid found in rain water creates calcium bicarbonate. As calcium bicarbonate is readily dissolved in water it is quickly transported away, leaving behind only the clay and quartz impurities of the limestone. This process is most common in regions with limestone geology. Solution Some minerals in rocks do not require a chemical reaction to become soluble e. g. rock slat readily dissolves in water. OxidationSome minerals in rocks react with oxygen dissolved in water to form oxides This process commonly occurs in rocks containing iron. Iron in its ferrous from is changed by oxidation into its ferric from leading to the collapse of tis molecular structure. Commonly this is known as ‘rust’. Chelation Lichens and decomposing organic matter in soil (humus) release organic acids. These acids attack certain minerals in rock, releasing iron and aluminium ions which are then transported way by water. The process of release is called chelation and the organic acids are known as che lating agents.

Taking a Look at the Original Sin - 1159 Words

Original Sin In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth ex nihilo (out of nothing). After God created the earth he made â€Å"the adam† out of the dust of the earth and by breathing into his nostrils made the man living. Everything God created was Good, the man was also good but only with woman was man complete. God created woman from the rib of Adam. Both Adam and his partner Eve were both placed in the Garden of Eden where they were to live and eat from, everything in the Garden except from the Tree of Knowledge, Good, and Evil. However one day a serpent came to Eve and asked made her question the command of not eating from the tree. The serpent told her that she could have knowledge and become like God if she ate from the tree. Both Adam and Eve ate from the tree and disobeyed God’s divine command. God in turn cursed the serpent as well as Adam and Eve. He told Adam that he would struggle and toil with the land and also that he will return to the dust jus t as he was created from it. God had to punish Adam and Eve for the disobedient act from where human corruption became apparent. After a British monk named Pelagius fled Italy in 409 to escape an invasion and moved to Carthridge in North America, a clash between this monk and Saint Augustine became inevitable. Both of these men who were teachers and involved with the church had two completely opposite and opposing doctrines that were bound to class. This inevitable debate finally occurred in what is known as theShow MoreRelatedWhat is the Meaning of Being Human?849 Words   |  3 PagesAugustine and Immanuel Kant and in this essay I will be comparing and outlining their similarities and differences on what these two philosophers feel is the meaning of being human. Saint Augustines Doctrine of Original Sin and Immanuel Kants Categorical Imperative are two separate methods for taking a gander at evil. Both philosophers’ theories are different to a certain extent, Kant actually chooses to reject Augustines Doctrine totally however there are still a few likenesses between the two. WhereRead MoreTemptation, Blame, Forgiveness, And An Apple Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pages2016 Temptation, Blame, Forgiveness, and an Apple Genesis-- the book of the beginning of man, according to some religions. In this book, the age old story of Adam and Eve is recorded. The book tells of the first two humans on earth performing the original sin by eating an apple from the Tree of Knowledge in the sacred Garden of Eden. While this story may seem clear cut, humans always have different perspectives on the messages to take away from stories. Sometimes, these differing views are expressedRead MoreSigns in The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay615 Words   |  3 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s way of using various signs to evolve the characters and help them atone for their sins and rid their fear of consequences. â€Å"A sign has tremendous power to communicate a message that transcends the sign itself.† (Gray 19) The Scarlet Letter involves an adulterous scandal between the two main characters, and how they live with the embarrassment and shame that comes with the sin. Hawthorne’s use of differ ent signs such as the â€Å"A† and the scaffold help accompany the reader in understandingRead MoreChanging Views of Plagiarism1270 Words   |  5 PagesPlagiarism One author calls plagiarism the cardinal sin of journalism (Fox) implying that it is the worst possible thing that a reporter can do. This is what is taught in most journalism (Fox) and composition classes, but is that statement still true. More and more students and others are using words that they have mixed (Kulish) with their original musings into a finished original. The sin of plagiarism is getting an updated look now because it has become easier to accomplish in the digitalRead MoreThe Seven Sins Of Greenwashing849 Words   |  4 Pageslabels on their products that are ambiguous to the environmental practices of the company; this is called Greenwashing. The authors of â€Å"The Seven Sins of Greenwashing† not only claims that there are seven sins that go hand in hand with greenwashing, but also breaks them down and explains them simply. Two of these seven sins stuck out to me the most. The Sin of Vagueness which is defined by the authors as being â€Å"committed by e very claim that is so poorly defined or broad that its real meaning is likelyRead MoreAn Omnipotent, Omniscient, And Benevolent God1663 Words   |  7 Pageseven make it. Yet in the in the midst of the Garden of Eden, evil entered into our world. Christians have come to ask how is it that the God who has created everything allow evil to enter into his creations. The answer is not to blame God for letting sin in, for it is through us as humans who were given free will to make our decisions, evil entered creation. We have come to terms that our free will has a brought evil into the world but we still have questions about this evil and our will that need toRead More Divine Grace and Justice in Dantes Inferno Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesGods justice in that every sinner is punished in the same nature as their sins. For instance, the wrathful are to attack each other for all eternity and the soothsayers are forever to walk around with their heads on backwards. Furthermore, Dante dis covers that hell is comprised of nine different circles containing sinners guilty of one type of sin, and that these circles are in order based upon how great an opposition the sin is to Christian morality and the ultimate will of God. We see here how ChristianityRead MoreGod s Image Of God1589 Words   |  7 Pageswere Synonyms/Hypernyms (Ordered by Estimated Frequency) of noun find in Aristotelian philosophy with Christian teachings. Out from this, Hoekema points out how the hybrid of Aristotelian and Christian view, created a nation among Christians that the â€Å"Sin of the flesh † fornication is far more serious and dangerous than the â€Å"hell of the feel † (pridefulness , jealously, self-centeredness, racism, anger, laziness, etc.). This tribal chief problem stems from the evil that has its roots in the body , isRead MoreTransformations in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson704 Words   |  3 Pagesdispleasing, something down right detestable† (35). As per the quote Hyde looks very ugly. His deeds are uglier and compliances suitably to his physical self. Dr. Jekyll is subjugated by the Victorian rules and regulations to lead his evilness in disguise. In Victorian era, a quintessential gentleman is well dressed and is on highly social ranking, which Dr. Jekyll very well fits in. He cannot satisfy his unexpressed desires in his original self. Therefore Jekyll transforms himself into Hyde, to keep hisRead MoreEssay Sin, Guilt, and the Mind of Nathaniel Hawthorne1490 Words   |  6 PagesSin, Guilt, and the Mind of Nathaniel Hawthorne      Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthornes works are notable for their treatment of guilt and the complexities of moral choices. Moral and religious concerns, in short, are almost always present in Hawthornes work(Foster, 56). Given Hawthornes background, it is not a stretch of the imagination to say that his novels are critiques of Puritanism. Hawthorne lived in the deeply scarred New England area, separated from Puritanism by only one generation. His grandfather

Process Essay †How to Name a Cow - 887 Words

Process Essay – How to Name a Cow Naming your cow may not be an easy task. While some claim to be well versed in bovine nomenclature, many first-time cow owners are not. It may be true that cattle should not be named because a growing attachment to your cow may hinder economic gain—if you plan to eat your cow, don’t name it. Most cow lovers need not worry about any of this. Their cows have become welcome household pets. They have put down their steak knives and decided to dine with them, not on them. Such docile animals have now become a part of the family, and owning but a few cows has eased the problem of naming a vast herd of cattle. I once knew a family in Loma Rica that tried to name all their†¦show more content†¦Traditional names are simple. So if you own a traditional cow, name her Bossy, or Bessy, or Daisy, or Lulu, or Buttercup, or Bertha, or Bubba, or Beauregard. Also keep in mind that traditional names vary geographically. For instance, I found that Brunhilde, Lore, Lotte, Rosa, Thilde, and Lisa are commonly given to cows in Germany. Other common European names include Peppo, Maxi, Moriz, and Marla. (A foreign name will add spice to any pasteurized cow.) Another easy approach to cow christening is naming your creature after a famous or inspiring figure. Music, sports, or movie stars are a great source. Classic examples are Elvis, Jordan, and Winona. Or how about celebrities Aristotle, Einstein, or Thurgood Marshall? If you have several cows, name them after the characters of the infamous O. J. trial: Shapiro, Ito, Cochran, Kato. â€Å"This is my cow, Juror #12.† What better way to keep tradition alive? From flowers bloom excellent cow names: Rose, Violet, Dahlia, Marigold, etc. However, it is wise to avoid cruel names. Don’t breed animosity by naming your animal Big Mac, Milk Shake, Sir Loyn, or Rump Roast. Parents sometimes select an ample supply of potential names for their offspring, and more names are introduced by friends and relatives. What better use of this surplus than towards your cow? In fact, this is just one reason so many people are investing in cows—cows are an outlet for the namesShow MoreRelatedThe Boston Matrix A Product Portfolio1668 Words   |  7 Pagesdivisions also known as: stars, cash cows, the problem child and dogs Scholes, and Johnson (2001). The x-axis of the matrix shows the market share compared to the largest competitor and the y-axis shows the growth in the market (Lewis, and Trevitt, 2007:137). McDonald (2007:211) explains that products and services are evaluated by market share because it would indicate whether the product or service generates any cash-flow, and market growth would demonstrate how dominant the business within the marketRead MoreThe Famous Last Thoughts Of My Dying Hope For Success1492 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"And remember class, your essays are due tomorrow,† the famous last thoughts of my dying hope for success. Ever since writing mo longer became about how well you understood and developed ideas, my progression towards a well published essay slowly rolled down the hill to failure. This could be caused by my lack of discipline, drive to perfection, or my sheer ability to misspell words like misguided, random, and u norganized (which, ironically, are all words that could be used to describe my writingRead MoreThe Theory Of Cognitive Psychology928 Words   |  4 PagesIn the twentieth century some of the psychologists became interested of mental activities studies in humans, including information processes, memory and communication. This new direction received the name of cognitive psychology. One of the pioneers, who established this path in psychology science, was Swiss biologist, Jean Piaget. Piaget’s discoveries and principles have made a significant contribution in expansion of cognitive psychology ideas. His research and concepts that were based on kidsRead MoreThe Key Elements Of Brand Image1313 Words   |  6 Pagesconsumers. The key issues for managing and improving brand image may include following: whether the firms of different type, size or age should concern the same elements of its brand image? What different elements should they pay attention to? This essay will look at which three key elements are included in a brand image. Firstly, it attempts to analyse some elements which help a company establish its ‘brand image’ and list some examples to prove it. Then, the main arguments for discussing which elementRead More†John Jin† Essay938 Words   |  4 Pages†John Jin† by Rose Tremain Essay People always intend to avoid thinking about mortality. Immortality is impossible. We know that. But we always dream about that there is a tiny possibility that something will last forever. It could be a relationship, or a family. The truth is that everything has an end. The things that we care about have to end at some point. Something we know but always seem to come as a surprise. This is true in the case of Susan in the short story â€Å"John Jin†. In the shortRead MorePresentation on a Short Poem Written by T. S. Eliot-Cousin Nancy1499 Words   |  6 Pagesof East Coker, England, the home of his ancestor, and also the name of second of Four Quartets, on the memorial tablet are inscribed: in my beginning is my end, in my end is my beginning, famous line in this poem. His most famous work included some poems, the waste land, 1922, Ash Wednesday, 1930, Four Quartets, 1936, some plays: murder in the cathedral, 1935, the cocktail party, 1950, and some essays including tradition and the individual talent, 1917, the use ofRead MoreThe Swerve Vs. World Civilizations And Ideas1566 Words   |  7 Pagesworld. This essay argues the similarities and differences in which the swerve and ancient civilizations might have with one another. Author Stephan Greenblatt tells a story about a book hunter named Poggio Bracciolini. In this story Poggio saves the last copy of the works of a very famous poet named Lucretius on the nature of things. Lucretius ideas helped explain renaissance. People no longer chose to believe in super natural explanations, but instead chose to believe in atoms and how the world consistsRead MoreCloning: The Story and Impact of Dolly the Sheep762 Words   |  3 PagesThe name†Dolly† comes from the country star Dolly Parton . Dolly the sheep sent shock waves through the world when the news was released 7 months after her birth. Like Hank Greely said â€Å"Dolly was not, in fact, the harbinger of armies of human clones, though the news coverage might have led credulous readers to think so. In this essay you will learn how Dolly was created, about her life, and the scientific advances she set in motion. 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Describe and evaluate one or more biological explanations...

Describe and evaluate one or more biological explanations of schizophrenia Research has shown that schizophrenia is heredity and can runs in families. This suggests that genes play a significant role. The closer the genetic relationship the more likely the people are to share the disorder. Evidence from family studies by Gottesman showed that when bothparent are schizophrenic then there is a 46% chance of the child getting it, however, if only one parent had it, it dropped to 17%. This suggests that a genetic factor is involved. MZ twins share 100% of their genes; DZ twins share 50% of their genes. If genes are a factor we would expect more identical twins to share the disorder than non-identical. Gottesman also looked at twin†¦show more content†¦Recent research has suggested that genetic factors affect the hard wiring of the brain. The research focused on the brain biochemistry (neurotransmitters). Although there have been many neurotransmitters associated with schizophrenia, Dopamine seems to be the most important. The dopamine hypothesis says that schizophrenia is caused by an increased reaction to dopamine in the brain. This could be because there is too much of the hormone dopamine in the brain, or conversely because there is an abnormally high number of dopamine receptors in the brain. This model says the excess sensitivity to dopamine results in the brain, causes the symptoms of schizophrenia. Evidence comes from the fact that amphetamines increase the amounts of dopamine large doses of amphetamines given to people with no history of the disorder produced behaviour which is very similar to paranoid schizophrenia. Small doses given to people already suffering from the disorder tend to worsen their symptoms. L-dopa is a drug used to treat Parkinson s disease it acts by increasing dopamine levels; it can also produce symptoms of schizophrenia in previously unaffected individuals, although not all patients developed these side effects. Main antipsychotic drugs such as Phenothiazine’s block the dopamine receptor cells and reduce symptoms However Phenothiazine’s do not work for everyone diagnosed with schizophrenia, this suggests something else must cause schizophrenia as well otherwiseShow MoreRelatedDescribe and Evaluate at Least Two Biological Treatments for Schizophrenia1604 Words   |  7 PagesDescribe and evaluate at least two biological treatments for schizophrenia Biological treatments arise from the medical model of abnormal behaviour, which considers mental disorder to be an illness of disease resulting from underlying biological factors. Most people with schizophrenia receive some form of drug therapy. Drug therapy is the most common treatment, using antipsychotic drugs. Antipsychotic drugs aims to help patient function as well as possible and increasing patient’s feelings of wellRead MoreBiological Explanations of Schizophrenia1940 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Describe and evaluate biological explanations of schizophrenia (24 marks) Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by distorted thinking, impaired emotional responses, poor interpersonal skills and a distortion of reality. It is the most common of psychotic disorders that, in most countries around the world, affects around 1 per cent of the population. In terms of explanations for the disorder, two central types of explanations arise – psychological explanations and biological explanationsRead MoreStrengths and Weaknesses of the Biological Model and Environmental Model in Determining the Etiology of Schizophrenia3559 Words   |  15 Pages(Davies Bhugra, 2004). Thus, for instance, the healthy child and the biological model both agree that certain predetermined behavioural pattern may be impervious to environmental forces. Similarly, knowledge about relapse to previous patterns of behaviour necessitates the re-evaluation of the idea that every process of development is a change and; that every previous pattern of behaviour is transformed into entirely new one (Haugaard, 2008). Undoubtedly, developmental models should be relevantRead MoreThe Four Major Schools Of Thought2593 Words   |  11 PagesPsychology A: Assessment Kristina Bates This essay will discuss the four major schools of thought in psychology, it will describe and evaluate theories and research that link to each of the four major schools of thought. The four major schools of thought in psychology are Behaviourism, Psychoanalytic, Cognitive and Biological. Behaviourism is a concept which dismisses that humans possess freewill. Behaviourism states that all behaviour is learned, also that all behaviour is conditioned either byRead MoreA New Paradigm Substance Use Disorder Treatment1656 Words   |  7 Pagesthe expectations that addiction can respond to a single, acute and short-term treatment, seem fairly unrealistic. Therefore the use of an acute definition (such as cured) to measure the impact of a treatment can also be considered as inappropriate. A more relevant evaluation of the efficacy of an addiction treatment could be to measure how long a person stay symptoms-free with good functional status, or in complete remission (All signs of the disease are gone, but that doesn t mean that the diseaseRead MoreBehavioral Cognitive Case Study5709 Words   |  23 PagesCognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Case Study William Bradshaw University of Minnesota Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Journal, 12, (1) 13-25, 1998 Abstract Cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) has rarely been applied as the primary treatment for the multiple, severe and persistent problems that characterize schizophrenia. This case study describes the process of CBT in the long-term outpatient care of a young woman with schizophrenia. The study highlights the adaptationRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Walsh Wu2983 Words   |  12 Pagespersonality traits function, as criminals in our society, of these, the antisocial personality, or the related term â€Å"psychopath or sociopath,† is one specific psychological syndrome. Development of Psychopath/sociopath Terminology Outside of a psychological perspective, the term antisocial personality is not recognized (Walsh Wu, 2008). The most common term to describe these behaviors is known as â€Å"psychopath.† Despite the similarities between the two terms, research suggests that they are distinct constructsRead MoreSurvey Of Cognitive Remediation Practices For Individuals With Schizophreni Implementation And Barriers9236 Words   |  37 Pages Survey of Cognitive Remediation Practices for Individuals with Schizophrenia: Implementation and Barriers Jessica Ryan Cuttance, M.S., CRC Dr. Dara Chan, ScD, CRC Dr. Mark Klinger, PhD University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Abstract Cognitive impairment (CI) is observed in the vast majority of individuals with schizophrenia and has long been identified as a principal contributor to functional deficits. To date, pro-cognitive pharmacologic therapies have been largely unsuccessfulRead MorePsychology Workbook Essay22836 Words   |  92 Pagessense lead to the same conclusions about behavior and mental processes. _____ Psychology is not a science. Objective I.2 Define the scientific method, and explain how it is used in psychology? Psychologists use the scientific method to evaluate competing ideas; find relationship of variables by collecting data |Margin Learning Question(s) (if applicable) |Page(s) | |1.2 What processes do scientists use toRead MoreGender Equality Is A Key Tool For Proceeding Development And Dropping Down The Level Of Poverty3131 Words   |  13 Pagesdevelopment and dropping down the level of poverty. Women that are empowered contributes to the fitness and efficiency of society and to enhance prospects for the next generation to come. The position of gender equality is stressed by its presence as one of the eighth Millennium Development Objectives. Gender equality is recognized as being a significant issue to attain seven other aims. Being that discrimination in contradiction of females involving gender-based violence, reproductive health injustices

The Role of the Technical Trainer free essay sample

This is a research study which examines presenting and evaluation methods of technical training. An examination of the needs and challenges of the technical trainer when designing and delivering instruction through the use of technology, specifically through critical incident questioning. This study determines the skills and competencies required by the trainer in order to effectively deliver information. Included are diagrams and graphs to explain the material analyzed. The role of a technical trainer carries a heavy weight in todays workplace. With the ever-changing pace of todays technology, there must be a way to provide guidance and support to these trainers. Research suggests that technical training contains a range of positive and negative characteristics. Teaching via the Internet can be categorized as either institutional, instructional, technical, or personal, and the specific reservation about employing this technology may be closely related to the type and degree of technological use. (Piotrowski Vodanovich, 2000, p. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of the Technical Trainer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 48).

Roman Influence on Byzantine Empire and Islamic Societies free essay sample

The mother of the world has been killed,† stated a 5th century historian, bereft and appalled when the news of Rome’s fall had reached ear. Certainly his words hold truth, for Rome the dauntingly colossal Empire engulfing the Mediterranean and all territories around it; the source of artistic, intellectual, and cultural ascendancy; the influential factor of brilliance in so many of the coexisting societies of the western world was truly the predecessor and creator of all Western Civilization to come. However, what no one knew, was that the lasting impression this powerful and astonishing civilization would make upon the world, even if only through the works of fleeting memory or written text. As always, with loss comes a chance for gain an opportunity for rebirth and renewal that could previously have only been a dream. And so, with the collapse of one great empire, opportunities arose for the numbers of new kingdoms and societies to follow. We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Influence on Byzantine Empire and Islamic Societies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Byzantine Empire and Islamic societies were two especially prominent societies that gained primacy, arising from the fourth to sixth century. Although both Byzantine and Islamic societies created their own empires, with separate rulers and individuals, the Roman Empire heavily influenced their cultural aspects, as demonstrated in their religion, art, and law. The Byzantine Empire was a highly prosperous society centered around the city of Constantinople. This society, dating back to around 330 AD, consecutively arising after the fall of the Roman Empire, and managed to remain in power for more than 1000 years. It was the most powerful economic and military force in all of Europe at the height of it’s power. Constantinople, located at present day Istanbul, was the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, and played a key role in the hegemony of the empire. By cause of the city’s prime positioning with access to east-west and north-south trade routes, trade became an important institution and base of economy in the Byzantine Empire. Silk was originally bought from China for the grand empire, until silk-worms were illegally obtained by Byzantine monks, and factories were established in the Empireto create this rare product. Silk soon became an imperial monopoly, and through this way, the trade of luxury items became the Byzantine’s main source of income. The location of Constantinople also aided in military conquest and defence, for the empire’s naval headquarters were located along the shores, and had access to the Black Sea and Mediterranean. Because of the Empire’s location, all but overlapping the fallen Roman’s territory, the Byzantine Empire was greatly affected by these Roman’s past traditions and ways of life. The Roman Empire influenced the Byzantine Empire’s culture, mainly through the religion of Christianity. Christianity first appeared in the Roman Empire, with the birth, teachings, and supposed resurrection of Jesus Christ. In the beginning years of it’s arrival, Christianity was not tolerated and Christians were mainly, and most often brutally prosecuted. However, with Constantine’s Edict of Milan, Christianity was officially tolerated, and under Theodosius, it became the official religion of the Roman Empire. The Byzantine Empire inherited this relatively new religion, continuing to follow the beliefs and traditions of the church, as well as spreading the word of Jesus Christ and the message of god. Churches sprung up in the empire, such as the mighty Hagia Sophia. Located in Constantinople and built by Justinian, this church especially exemplified Roman influence through its divine architecture. â€Å"Above the arches is raised a circular building of a curved form through which the light of day first shines,† (document 2) boasts Procopius, a Byzantine scholar from Palestine. He became the principal historian of the 6th century, documenting the works and wars of Justinian I. Procopius describes the church’s magnificent domed ceiling, which, along with columns and a concrete skeleton, can hardly be castigated, nor denied of it’s uncanny resemblance to Rome’s Pantheon. Justinian was the Christian Emperor of the Byzantine Empire who is famous for his building projects, battle tactics, and his codification of Roman law. â€Å"We have attempted the most thorough amendment of the entire law, to collect and revise the whole body of Roman jurisprudence, and to assemble in one book the scattered treatises of so many authors,† Justinian writes, reflecting upon his work. The Justinian code was essentially a collection of scattered Roman documents on law, treaties, and other diverse legal matters. This codification was used as the basic system of law in the Byzantine Empire, and successfully governed an Empire of citizens for roughly 1000 years. In conclusion, if not for the influence and impact of lingering hints of Roman Christianity, architecture , and law, the Byzantine Empire would have evolved into a profoundly variant society than the one established so many years ago. Islamic Societies were very militaristic, religious, and politically based on the teaching of Muhammad. Although small when first founded in the sixth century, at it’s height of power, regions conquered and maintained by the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties included Egypt, Arabia, lands of the Persian Empire and Asia Minor, regions of North Africa snaking along the Mediterranean, and territories of present day Spain in the west. Comprised of brilliant generals and thousands of well-motivated men striving for eternal paradise in the after-life, the army was immensely dynamic, efficacious, and cardinal to the prodigious power of the Islamic Kingdom. Religion influenced much of the population’s way of life, dictating family practices, working hours, diet, public ceremonies, and many other aspects of everyday life. To maintain the promise of eternal paradise after death, a Muslim was expected to follow the ruler and faith with honor and loyalty, as well as the Five Pillars of Islam. Stated in the Qur’an, these pillars are thought of as the hindmost commitment to Islam, and obedience to the laws is key. One must accept monotheism and Muhammad as God’s holy messenger (Shahada), pray five times a day and attend communal prayer on friday (Salat), give alms to the poor and less fortunate (Zakat), fast during the holy month of Ramadan (Sawm), and make a pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj) at least once in a life-time. The rulers of Islamic Society, entitled as caliphs, were expected to follow these pillars, as well as the practice of Jihad striving in the way of the Lord. However, although the Islamic culture and government had many newly created aspects, the motif of previous Roman society was still predominantly clear. Roman influence on Islamic Societies was mainly displayed in its art, specifically architecture and language. The multitude of Roman architects, hired by kings to institute the design and production of churches, were frequently extremely bright, talented, and passionate. The innovative building models established were graced with stability, natural impregnability, and beauty. Islamic societies gained much of their knowledge on contemporary architecture from the Romans, and in effect, produced constructions very similar to those erected in the bygone days of the Roman Empire. For example, the Islamic Dome of the Rock, constructed in Jerusalem 690 AC, possesses aspects similar to those of the Roman Pantheon. The Dome of the Rock’s ceiling, to no extent of surprise, is in fact in the shape of a dome, such as the ceiling of the Pantheon. Furthermore, the Islamic structure contains many columns that are conjointly displayed in the Roman temple. The Mosque at Cordoba contains arches and columns resembling those built by Romans in water canals and at the gates of cities. The Islamic religions also continued to carry on the most spoken language of Rome Latin. Caliphs and libraries collected texts from all around the world, while scholars translated the sterling works into Arabic and Latin. Although Islamic some celebrations show congruency with celebrations of Christians,Roman influence on the Muslim people was mainly cultural. News of Rome’s fall spread quickly throughout lands of the Mediterranean, Africa, Persia, and Arabia. All were astonished at the supposed failure of the once mighty empire, considering it’s previous success and military conquest. Acting as predecessor and nurturer, Rome had affected countless bordering societies, all across the western world. However, the historian pronouncing Rome’s title as â€Å"mother of the world† had been ludicrously incorrect in concern to one aspect of the Empire’s demise. Rome went on influence future cultures in the Mediterranean regain for centuries, especially those of the Byzantine Empire and ancient Islamic Societies. By means of the Empire’s culture, religion, and law, Rome continues to influence American society today, even hundreds of year’s after the empire’s fall. In Washington D. C. , the use of columns, arches, and domes is a common motif in most political buildings, as well as domestic dwellings. Christianity is now a widely adopted religion, practiced by approximately thirty-three percent of the entire world’s population. Justinian’s codification of Roman law can still be compared with legal and justice systems from around the world, especially in western civilization. The 6th century historian was terribly mistaken in the fact that Rome had been killed, for today as vividly as yesterday; as true as the promise of tomorrow’s rising sun Rome lives on. In the subtle curve of an elegant column, in the chromatic dazzle of a church’s stained glass window, and in the crack of a judge’s mallet, bringing justice to all those our mighty nation gives promise to protect and serve, Rome survives. Chin to the sky, arms open, Rome stands tall and illustrious, ready to embrace all those who walk the earth all whom she deems children.